# November 2015 Paris attacks (2015)

URL: https://history-france.com/timeline/2015-november-2015-paris-attacks
Location: Paris and Saint-Denis
Categories: main-event

Coordinated attacks killed 130 people and led to a prolonged state of emergency. Within the broader Fifth Republic period, The 1958 Constitution created a stronger presidency and a durable Fifth Republic. Decolonization, European integration, social change, economic shocks and recurring debates over identity, secularism and the role of the state have shaped contemporary France. At this point in the timeline, the relevant governing authority is François Hollande (President of the French Republic). November 2015 Paris attacks is a useful marker in the longer transformation of political authority, society and culture in France. The event is positioned here so visitors can read it alongside changes in government, warfare, society, religion, culture and France’s wider international setting.

## Why it matters
November 2015 Paris attacks is a useful marker in the longer transformation of political authority, society and culture in France.

Ruler at the time: [François Hollande](https://history-france.com/rulers/francois-hollande)

## Sources
- [Wikipedia topic lookup — November 2015 Paris attacks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Search?search=November+2015+Paris+attacks&go=Go)
- [Encyclopaedia Britannica topic lookup — November 2015 Paris attacks](https://www.britannica.com/search?query=November+2015+Paris+attacks)
- [Élysée — Institutions of the Fifth Republic](https://www.elysee.fr/en/french-presidency/the-institutions)