# Mass strikes oppose Juppé reforms (1995)

URL: https://history-france.com/timeline/1995-mass-strikes-oppose-juppe-reforms
Location: France

Transport and public-sector strikes disrupted the country and forced retreat on parts of the reform plan. Within the broader Fifth Republic period, The 1958 Constitution created a stronger presidency and a durable Fifth Republic. Decolonization, European integration, social change, economic shocks and recurring debates over identity, secularism and the role of the state have shaped contemporary France. At this point in the timeline, the relevant governing authority is Jacques Chirac (President of the French Republic). Mass strikes oppose Juppé reforms mattered because collective action and political conflict altered the relationship between society and governing authority. The event is positioned here so visitors can read it alongside changes in government, warfare, society, religion, culture and France’s wider international setting.

## Why it matters
Mass strikes oppose Juppé reforms mattered because collective action and political conflict altered the relationship between society and governing authority.

Ruler at the time: [Jacques Chirac](https://history-france.com/rulers/jacques-chirac)

## Sources
- [Wikipedia topic lookup — Mass strikes oppose Juppé reforms](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Search?search=Mass+strikes+oppose+Jupp%C3%A9+reforms&go=Go)
- [Encyclopaedia Britannica topic lookup — Mass strikes oppose Juppé reforms](https://www.britannica.com/search?query=Mass+strikes+oppose+Jupp%C3%A9+reforms)
- [Élysée — Institutions of the Fifth Republic](https://www.elysee.fr/en/french-presidency/the-institutions)